Closing the Loop: Strategies Ahead for Reuse, Recycling of Li-ion BEV Batteries
With forecasts of 41 million BEVs and PHEVs sold from 2020 through 2025, and battery-powered vehicles ultimately expected to dominate the 1 billion-vehicle global fleet, solutions for dealing with end-of-life lithium-ion batteries will be critical. Metals from manufacturing waste and finished batteries that are improperly disposed of will negatively impact the environment and potentially cause fires. Recycling efforts are under way, as is repurposing of Li-ion packs, but what does the future hold for these sectors? This report examines those – OEMs, battery manufacturers, recyclers, repurposers, policymakers and others – with stakes in the game.
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ADDRESSED IN THIS REPORT:
- Who are the Li-ion recyclers and repurposers?
- What are automaker and supplier strategies for tracking their batteries?
- Who are the new entrants hoping to take a piece of the pie?
- What regulations exist for Li-ion recycling and repurposing?
- How will the market evolve?
OF SPECIAL INTEREST TO:
- Automakers selling or planning to sell plug-ins
- Suppliers involved in PHEV or BEV development
- Battery manufacturers
- Recyclers
- Repurposers
- Policy makers
HIGHLIGHTS:
- The Li-ion recycling and repurposing landscape detailed
- Interviews with those working to make recycling and repurposing automotive Li-ions viable
- Current and future methods of Li-ion recycling
- Pilot projects for repurposing
- Rating the OEMs on their recycling and repurposing initiatives
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. OVERVIEW
- THE STATE OF LI-ION RECYCLING
- ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH IMPACT
- THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY
- IMPROPERLY DISPOSED LI-IONS CAUSE TROUBLE
- REGULATION FRIEND OR FOE?
- SECOND LIFE VIABLE?
- REPAIR USUALLY FIRST STEP
- RATING THE OEMS
- CONCLUSION
II. MARKET
- DURABILITY GOOD NEWS, BAD NEWS
- CHINA’S DOMINATION
- OEM STRATEGIES
- CAPACITY DRIVERS
- WHO SHOULD PAY?
- TECHNOLOGY LANDSCAPE
- MARKET PROSPECTS
- CONCLUSION
III. AUTOMAKERS
- BMW
- DAIMLER
- FCA
- FORD
- GEELY GROUP/VOLVO
- GENERAL MOTORS
- HYUNDAI-KIA
- JAGUAR LAND ROVER
- PSA
- RENAULT-NISSAN-MITSUBISHI
- TESLA
- TOYOTA
- VOLKSWAGEN GROUP
IV. SUPPLIERS, RECYCLERS AND REPURPOSERS
SUPPLIERS
- BYD
- CATL
- LG CHEM
- PANASONIC
- SAMSUNG SDI
RECYCLERS
- AMERICAN MANGANESE
- DUESENFELD
- GEM
- LI-CYCLE
- UMICORE
REPURPOSERS
- INDIE POWER
- POWERVAULT
- RELECTRIFY
CONCLUSION
V. Q&A
- AMERICAN MANGANESE’S ZARKO MESELDZIJA, LARRY REAUGH
- INDIE POWER AND SAE’S STEVE TOLEN
- LI-CYCLE’S KUNAL PHALPHER
- RESPONSIBLE BATTERY COALITION’S STEVE CHRISTENSEN
- TOYOTA’S KEVIN BUTT
- UMICORE’S KRISTOF GABRIEL
- VOLKSWAGEN’S TIETJE
VI. APPENDIX
- WARDS INTELLIGENCE 2020 BATTERY RECYCLING SURVEY
800 262 1954 (U.S.A. & Canada) 